Extracellular Vesicles (EVs)
EVs can carry proteins and other molecules associated with their cells of origin. The general term avoids assuming a specific route of vesicle formation.
The Science Behind Our iNOS Lead Program
iNOS: A Host-Response Signal for Sepsis Research
Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is an enzyme involved in the inflammatory response that produces nitric oxide. Our lead program focuses on vesicle-associated iNOS as a candidate blood biomarker to support earlier sepsis detection.
The Biological Rationale
Connecting iNOS, Vesicles, and the Host Response
Published research has investigated circulating vesicle-associated iNOS in sepsis. Experimental findings suggest a possible link to nitric oxide production and vascular injury, providing a rationale for further diagnostic research. [1]
Understanding Extracellular Vesicles
EVs, Microvesicles, and Exosomes
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are particles released by cells, enclosed by a lipid bilayer, that cannot replicate on their own. EV is the general term used here; subtype names depend on evidence of how the vesicles formed. [2]
Microvesicles and Ectosomes
Microvesicle traditionally refers to vesicles budding from the cell surface, also called ectosomes. Because usage varies, MISEV2023 discourages the term. We retain it when describing published microvesicle-associated iNOS (MV-A iNOS) research.
Exosomes
Exosomes originate within the endosomal system of a cell. They are not synonymous with EVs or microvesicles; size alone does not establish this origin. We do not label the iNOS-associated vesicles as exosomes without supporting evidence.
Our Lead Diagnostic Program
From Vesicle-Associated iNOS to a Blood Test
perSeptive Diagnostics is developing an iNOS host-response diagnostic to support earlier sepsis detection. Published MV-A iNOS findings inform the scientific rationale; they do not establish the performance of our test. Development must establish analytical reliability and clinical value alongside existing sepsis assessment and testing.
Identify
Focus on vesicle-associated iNOS, described in the research literature as MV-A iNOS, as the lead candidate biomarker.
Measure
Develop a quantitative blood assay and establish its analytical sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility.
Interpret
Evaluate clinical performance and timing in the intended patient population, alongside established assessments and tests.
From iNOS Biology to Diagnostic Development
Developing the iNOS Sepsis Diagnostic
Explore how our lead iNOS program aims to translate a host-response signal into a quantitative result that complements clinical assessment, other biomarkers, and pathogen testing.